# Distortion

## Carrier Triple Beat Test

Triple beat test is employed to mimic the cross-modulation distortion scenario and validate the performance in 3G and 4G/LTE devices. In Triple Beat test two tones and at Tx frequency and another tone at Rx frequency produces, intermod components at . If the two Tx tones are very close, then […]

## Third order Intercept Point (IP3)

Thrid order intercept point(IP3) is a used to quantify weak non-linearity in an amplifier or RF system. It is an interpolated point where the fundamental component power curve meets the third order intermod(IMD3) component power curve. Consider a nonlinear amplifier whose input-output characteristic is represented by a 3rd order polynomial […]

## Distortion in Feedback Amplifiers

Consider an amplifier, shown in Fig.1, whose input-output relationship under small signal conditions given by, (1)   Substituting in Eq.(1.1), (2)   To solve for , represent the transfer function of the feedback amplifier by power series as, (3)   and evaluate for , , , From Eq.(1.3), (4)   […]

## Second Order Intercept Point (IP2)

Second order intercept point(IP2) is a used to quantify weak non-linearity in an amplifier or RF system. It is an interpolated point where the fundamental component power curve meets the second order intermod(IMD2) component power curve. Consider a nonlinear amplifier whose input-output characteristic is represented by a 3rd order polynomial […]

## Distortion in RF Circuits

For a memoryless two port active network the input-output characteristic is generally a nonlinear function, that can be approximated by a polynomial over some signal range as (1)   If the input contains only one frequency component, the output contains desired fundamental frequency component and harmonics of the fundamental frequency […]